Reducing the price of healthy foods could land more whole grains, carrots and bananas in shopping carts, even months after the discounts are removed, according to a new study.

    As rates of obesity continue to rise in much of the developed world, so does the urgency to improve people's food choices. Ni Mhurchu and her team conducted a six-month trial across eight New Zealand supermarkets to determine the effects of two strategies: price discounts and nutrition education.

    A total of 1,104 shoppers were randomized to receive a price discount on healthy foods, tailored nutrition education, a combination of the two or no intervention. Healthy foods, as recognized by New Zealand's Heart Foundation, were 12.5 percent cheaper for those randomized to receive discounts. Participants assigned to nutrition education received monthly packages of food-group-specific information, which were tailored to their shopping history. Handheld barcode scanners recorded all supermarket purchases.

    According to a report in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, after six months of intervention, participants receiving price discounts bought approximately 1.7 more pounds （790 grams） of healthy food per week compared with those not randomized to pay the lower prices.

    This was an 11 percent increase from purchases made prior to the study and included just over a pound （480 grams） more fruits and vegetables per week, or about six servings. The total difference dropped to around 0.8 pounds （380 grams）, but remained significant, six months after the study was over. No consistent differences were found between the groups in the amounts of purchased saturated fat or other nutrients.

    The fact that nutrition education was unsuccessful in improving food choices initially surprised Ni Mhurchu, especially since previous research had shown positive effects. Most of those studies, however, used self-report rather than the more objective supermarket sales data. Still, she said, her study participants were generally more informed and interested in healthy eating than average individuals, which could have masked education's true impact.

    一項(xiàng)新的研究顯示，健康食品降價(jià)行為會(huì)促使消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)更多粗糧、胡蘿卜以及香蕉等產(chǎn)品。該研究表明，這種趨勢(shì)甚至持續(xù)到打折期過(guò)后數(shù)月。

    隨著肥胖問(wèn)題在許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家愈演愈烈，改善人們對(duì)于食物的選擇也成為迫切需要完成的課題。

    Ni Mhurchu 及其團(tuán)隊(duì)在新西蘭的八家超市中進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)達(dá)六個(gè)月的追蹤實(shí)驗(yàn)，以此評(píng)價(jià)兩種不同策略的效應(yīng)：降價(jià)出售與營(yíng)養(yǎng)教育。

    共有1104名消費(fèi)者參與此項(xiàng)調(diào)查。他們被隨機(jī)分配為四組：健康食品降價(jià)；接受特定的營(yíng)養(yǎng)教育；兩者兼而有之；以及無(wú)干預(yù)行為。在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中，健康食品（根據(jù)新西蘭心臟組織的定義標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）的折扣價(jià)為原價(jià)的77.5%.而參加營(yíng)養(yǎng)教育的消費(fèi)者，根據(jù)各自不同的購(gòu)物歷史，每月都會(huì)收到詳細(xì)的分類(lèi)食物資料。期間所有超市的消費(fèi)信息都經(jīng)條形碼掃描記錄。

    《美國(guó)臨床營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)雜志》的一份報(bào)告中稱(chēng)，經(jīng)過(guò)六個(gè)月的干預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)，與其他組相比，接受降價(jià)的消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)的健康食品平均每周多出約1.7磅（即790克）.這比研究之前增加了11%,其中包括水果和蔬菜的周購(gòu)買(mǎi)量提高了一磅（即480克）,大約是六人份的餐量。

    此項(xiàng)研究結(jié)束6個(gè)月后，該數(shù)據(jù)雖然降低至0.8磅（約380克）,但仍然有著深遠(yuǎn)的意義。各組在飽和脂肪等其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分的消費(fèi)中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的不同。

    由于此前有研究曾經(jīng)證實(shí)營(yíng)養(yǎng)教育在人們改善食物選擇方面有著積極作用，Ni Mhurchu 完全沒(méi)有料到營(yíng)養(yǎng)教育策略在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中竟然沒(méi)有成功。然而，之前的大部分研究都是采用自身評(píng)定的方式，而超市的銷(xiāo)售數(shù)據(jù)則顯得更為客觀(guān)。Ni Mhurchu 認(rèn)為，此次實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者比一般人更加了解和關(guān)注健康飲食，也許這一點(diǎn)恰恰隱藏著教育的真正意義。